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"I was a Flight Commander for C-10 flight at Downing Heliport at Ft. Wolters in very early 1970(Jan-Feb). My flight, C-10 was selected to train the SECOND all Vietnamese(VNAF) flight class. C-12 had begun to train FIRST all Vietnamese flight class only a couple weeks earlier ." "The second class had 35 Vietnamese students. They had received English language training and some classroom instruction on flying and in particular flying in the TH-55, manufactured by Hughes. This had taken place before they arrived for their flight training. Most of the students could understand and read English, barely! Many had a more difficult time of speaking English. No doubt the English training emphasized the written English more than the spoken. This "handicap" would play a big part in getting them soloed because their standard reply to an instructor when asked if they understood instructions was, 'Yes, Sir!' It never seemed to be 'No, Sir!' They didn't understand English nor could they speak it sufficiently to be able to verbalize their questions. All to them were highly motivated and probably 'scared as hell!' " "The instructor pilots assigned to C-10 were almost all U.S. CW2's. A couple were not that experienced as IP's. All however, had all flown a tour in Vietnam. To deepen the IP experience of C-10, the C Division Commander, COL Thaxton, infused about 6-7 Southern Airways IP's in C-10. These men each had several years of experience instructing students and much more experience in Primary techniques and training.(first 50 hours)." "The English language was the biggest obstacle for the VNAF students. Mechanically, they seemed to understand the systems and were able to manipulate the controls of the TH-55. But, understanding instructions from their IP was the problem. Many would become confused and panic stricken if something didn't go right. Most of them had difficulty with orientation while in the air or in the traffic pattern at the stage field. To help with this, we devised continues classes when not in the cockpit. For instance, when I was in the tower at the stage field, I would bring from 2-4 VNAF students to instruct. I would teach and quiz them about where each helicopter was, ie. final approach, base leg, downwind leg. In addition, they had to identify lane numbers, pad numbers, take-off pad, etc. This drill was also repeated and re-repeated in the stage field "house" on a chalk board by some of the IPs. It seemed, if we could keep them oriented to and from the stage field from Downing, and while in the flight pattern at the stage field, the less excited and less likely to panic they would be when they soloed! It worked!" "Our techniques seemed to work because we soloed 32 of the 35 students. It was a wild ride, too, because the last 8-10 students were marginally capable of soloing. As flight commander, I had to ride with most of them and make THE decision. I would wait until EVERY other TH-55 had departed the stage field for Downing and then ride around the pattern with the student once or twice to help make the decision. I may have ridden with the student before when an IP would wanted someone else to check him out. The fire truck would remain as well as someone in the tower(usually his IP). If I thought he was able to solo after a couple times around the pattern, I would sit him down on the take-off pad, on lane 1 or 2, and get out. His IP would be in the tower and establish radio contact. I would then unplug my helmet and head for the tower. The IP would talk him to a hover and off he would go! It was sometimes very scary for us all." "Those last students to solo were often approaching 25+ hours of instruction, I think. They had to solo by 25 hours or be washed out and return to Vietnam. They had a lot of pressure on them and their pride and "face" was on the line. Of the 35 students in that second all Vietnamese class, 32 soloed. Of the three who did not....two tried to commit suicide in their barracks. They just were not willing to go back to Vietnam marked as a 'failure'." |

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